---
title: Smart Contracts
slug: signum/lETz-smart-contracts
createdAt: 2022-03-31T19:05:03.000Z
---



::Image[]{src="https://api.archbee.com/api/optimize/l2AIpSUU6srSQmG1-K2bb/rqX7gVuyrogZSJFICJALD_smartcontractlight.png" size="68" width="642" height="537" darkSrc="https://archbee-image-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/l2AIpSUU6srSQmG1-K2bb/_Uwtc_FuzcOq3KTOhREeT_smartcontractdark.png" position="flex-start" darkWidth="642" darkHeight="537" showCaption="false"}

## Turing complete

Signum is shipped with smart contracts implemented as Automated Transactions (AT).



This system, developed initially by **[CIYAM](http://ciyam.org/at/at.html)**, is Turing-complete and has infinite use cases. Signum was the first platform to run Turing-complete smart contracts on a public blockchain.

The second unique feature of Signum's smart contracts is that they can be programmed to self-execute. Most of today's available smart contracts only react to the transactions they receive. Signum's self-running smart contracts provide endless potential for new applications.

With the introduction of [SIP-39, ](https://github.com/signum-network/SIPs/blob/master/SIP/sip-39.md)smart contracts can create, mint and transfer [Smart Tokens](docId\:xL_Hjdf6ox3TGEBp_y_Ym)  by contract code.

## Smart Contract specifications

If a smart contract gets deployed to the Signum chain, the following parameters apply:

| **Parameter**                 | **Value**   |
| ----------------------------- | ----------- |
| Maximum pages for code & data | 40          |
| Page size                     | 256 bytes   |
| Cost per page                 | 0,01 Signa  |
| Maximum  steps per block      | 1,000,000   |
| Step-Fee                      | 0.001 Signa |

The smart contract is stored in bytecode on the chain, but the programming will happen in **Java **via —no extra code language to learn - just code in Java.

## Smart Contract creation

The smart contract gets uploaded to the Signum chain with the AT Creation transaction type.
Example smart contract creation transaction:

```json
{
    "type": 22,
    "subtype": 0,
    "timestamp": 240957605,
    "deadline": 1440,
    "senderPublicKey": "34a7ca8bbded4e3f24c60ecb655f9235ac1b12d97aea698c554df8bf1d950f2d",
    "amountNQT": "0",
    "feeNQT": "147000000",
    "signature": "317ec48d2a8b148f85d11e44edec062e96bbeee72583be85c466382aab78b60cee91352efa7ba9a1c4392a7b17a49497394d4446a3864e88224c4313b04f2bb5",
    "signatureHash": "3e7fac2e1019ed475a0518f33fa0fde8b6ff19f3fc8eb42a6d614fcf03893d32",
    "fullHash": "424769be0294a47ebc502e49a8cb41b599b93fadbef9f7d3915df7091efd97a5",
    "transaction": "9125581484464883522",
    "attachment": {
        "version.AutomatedTransactionsCreation": 1,
        "name": "SignumArt2",
        "description": "SignumArt2, created with SmartJ",
        "creationBytes": 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    },
    "attachmentBytes": 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    "sender": "12237344381764262326",
    "senderRS": "TS-WQFQ-W64L-HT3P-C9YNM",
    "height": 409545,
    "version": 2,
    "ecBlockId": "2202141244546406042",
    "ecBlockHeight": 409533,
    "cashBackId": "8952122635653861124",
    "block": "16653680439918419989",
    "confirmations": 629,
    "blockTimestamp": 240957726,
    "requestProcessingTime": 0
}
```

With the creation of a smart contract, the *machineData *and *machineCode are* saved to the Signum blockchain.

```json
{
    "at": "9125581484464883522",
    "machineData": "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
    "balanceNQT": "0",
    "prevBalanceNQT": "0",
    "nextBlock": 409545,
    "frozen": false,
    "running": false,
    "stopped": true,
    "finished": false,
    "dead": false,
    "machineCodeHashId": "5925512405264751909",
    "atVersion": 2,
    "atRS": "TS-LKU4-2CZ8-KFF3-9N6BX",
    "name": "SignumArt2",
    "description": "SignumArt2, created with SmartJ",
    "creator": "12237344381764262326",
    "creatorRS": "TS-WQFQ-W64L-HT3P-C9YNM",
    "machineCode": 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    "minActivation": "30000000",
    "creationBlock": 409545,
    "creationMachineData": "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
    "requestProcessingTime": 1
}
```

## Green Contracts

With the introduction of the [SIP-30,](https://github.com/signum-network/SIPs/blob/master/SIP/sip-30.md) the **machineCode **can be loaded from an existing contract by reference over the fullhash of the reference transaction. This has two significant advantages: firstly, it can be ensured that the smart contract is using the same logic as copied from the parent, and secondly, no extra space is needed on the chain to store the code a second time or x times, as the smart contract is referencing to the code in the reference-transaction.